Search results

..., S(Rot) or S. Then the NS-S pathway control efficiency in the ET-coupling state is ...to the NS-state. The reversed protocol, adding N-substrates to a S-pathway control background does not provide a valid estimation of S-respiration with succin

...s added to the [[N-pathway control state]] in a defined [[coupling-control state]]. |info=[[Flux control efficiency]], [[Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways]]

...TS competent N-linked substrate combinations) and the [[NS-pathway control state]] (N in combination with succinate). NS indicates respiration with a cockta |mitopedia concept=Respiratory control ratio

...ing N-type substrates to a [[S-pathway control state]] as the [[background state]] does not provide a valid estimation of S-linked respiration with succinat = List of publications: S and NS pathway control states =

...t|100px|link=http://www.bioblast.at/index.php/O2k-Publications: Topics|O2k-Publications: Topics]] [[File:SUIT-catg FNSGp.jpg|right|200px|link=Electron-transfer-pathway state|Electron-transfer-pathway states]]

...y_state|N]], [[NS-pathway control state| NS]], [[Succinate pathway control state| S]]). SUIT-004 can be extended with the CIV assay module. ...n| ''P'']]-[[ET capacity| ''E'']]) with N substrates ([[PM-pathway control state|PM]]).

|description=[[File:SUIT-catg NS.jpg|right|300px|NS-pathway control]] ...pt in terms of convergent electron transfer to the [[Q-junction]] (pathway control). '''NS''' is the abbreviation for the combination of [[NADH]]-linked subst

...are designed to measure simultaneously O₂ flux and the Q-redox state in isolated mitochondria and permeabilized cells. ...t D072]] simultaneous determination of O₂ flux and the Q-redox state in isolated mitochondria and cells permeabilized previously to addition to

...OS]] with [[NS-pathway control state|NS substrates]]) and coupling/pathway control''' ...ET state ([[NS-pathway control state|NS]] and [[Succinate pathway control state|S]]). SUIT-011 can be extended with the CIV assay module.

|abbr=[[Glutamate-anaplerotic pathway control state|Glutamate anaplerosis]] |info='''A:''' '''[[Glutamate-anaplerotic pathway control state|Glutamate anaplerotic pathway]]'''

...GM- with PM-capacity yields important information on N-pathway respiratory control upstream of CI ([[Lemieux 2017 Sci Rep|Lemieux ''et al.'' 2017]]; [[Votion ...b>''P''</sub>. SUIT-004 should be chosen for the additive effect in the ET-state.

...ity| ''E'']]) with NADPH-linked substrate substrates ([[PM-pathway control state|PM]]). ...y_state|N]], [[NS-pathway control state| NS]], [[Succinate pathway control state| S]]).

! Respiratory state ! Pathway control

...and ET state ([[NS-pathway control state|NS]], [[Succinate pathway control state|S]]) is also evaluated, covering the contribution of two pathways which are ...b>''P''</sub>. SUIT-004 should be chosen for the additive effect in the ET-state.

::: '''[[SUITbrowser]]:''' [[Glutamate-anaplerotic pathway control state|Glutamine/glutamate]] ...lutamate alone allows to analyze the glutamate-anaplerotic pathway control state.

...espiratory capacities, N + S, is identical to the capacity measured in the state with combined substrates, NS (CI<small>&</small>II). This condition of comp = List of publications: N and S and NS (CI and CII and CI<small>&</small>II) =

|info='''A''' to analyse O₂ flux in the NS- pathway control state on isolated mitochondria- '''[[SUIT-031]]''' ...006 O2 mt D022]] provides a common reference for comparison of respiratory control in a large variety of species, tissues and cell types. Both SUIT protocols

...f the ATP synthase. Since higher concentrations of Omy can decrease the ET state induced upon addition of uncoupler, the required concentration of Omy has t ...of O₂ flux on isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate as a control for SUIT-020 Fluo mt D033.

...support NADH-linked respiration. Oligomycin (Omy) is used to induce a LEAK state of respiration via the inhibition of the ATP synthase. Since higher concent ...of O₂ flux on isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate as a control for SUIT-021 Fluo mt D036.

|info='''A''' to analyse O₂ flux in the NS- pathway control state in permeabilized cells- '''[[SUIT-031]]''' ...006 O2 mt D022]] provides a common reference for comparison of respiratory control in a large variety of species, tissues and cell types. Both SUIT protocols

|info='''A: quality control evaluation of [[mitochondrial preparations]]''' - '''[[SUIT-029]]''' ...f [[LEAK respiration]] is prevented in the presence of [[Oligomycin]] as a control with the ''L''(n) previously obtained.

|info='''A: Additivity between the N- and [[Succinate pathway control state| S-pathway]] in the Q-junction''' ...NADH_Electron_transfer-pathway_state| N-]] and [[Succinate pathway control state| S-pathway]] in the [[Q-junction]], providing a physiologically relevant es

...f the ATP synthase. Since higher concentrations of Omy can decrease the ET state induced upon addition of uncoupler, the required concentration of Omy has t ...GM- with PM-capacity yields important information on N-pathway respiratory control upstream of CI.

...GM- with PM-capacity yields important information on N-pathway respiratory control upstream of CI. ...sed [[Mitochondrial membrane potential|mt-membrane potential]] in the LEAK state.

...[[FNS]], [[Succinate pathway control state| S]] and [[SGp-pathway control state| SGp]] pathways) can be evaluated by using this SUIT protocol. SUIT-001 can ...ith [[SUIT-002]] provides a common reference for comparison of respiratory control in a large variety of species, tissues and cell types. Both SUIT protocols

...grity can be evaluated by the addition of cytochrome ''c'' ([[Cytochrome c control factor |cytochrome ''c'' test]]). The early addition of cytochrome ''c'' i ...'P''-''E'') with NADH linked-substrates (PM) and the pathway control in ET state (N, NS, S pathways).

...rations of [[ADP]] and inorganic phosphate (which may not be the case in [[State 3]]), oxygen, and defined reduced CHNO-fuel substrates. ...ns supported by an ET-pathway competent substrate state, exemplifed as the NS-pathway (CI<small>&</small>II-linked substrate supply) ([[Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPath

...analyse O2 flux and the Q-redox state in the N-,NS- and S- pathway control state on isolated mitochondria- '''[[SUIT-031]]''' ...-006 Q mt D071]] provides a common reference for comparison of respiratory control in a large variety of species, tissues and cell types. Both SUIT protocols

...'A''' to analyse O2 flux and the Q-redox state in the NS- pathway control state on permeabilized cells- '''[[SUIT-031]]''' ...Q ce-pce D073]] provides a common reference for comparison of respiratory control in a large variety of species, tissues and cell types. Both SUIT protocols

...with NP + SP. SUIT-004 should be chosen for the additive effect in the ET-state. ...'L''- ''P''- ''E'') with NADH linked-substrates (PM) and the control in ET state (N, NS, S)

...b> consumption and the redox state of the Q-pool in S(Rot)-pathway control state in isolated mitochondria- '''[[SUIT-006]]''' ...-031 Q mt D072]] provides a common reference for comparison of respiratory control in a large variety of species, tissues and cell types. Both SUIT protocols

...with NP + SP. SUIT-004 should be chosen for the additive effect in the ET-state. ...'L''- ''P''- ''E'') with NADH linked-substrates (PM) and the control in ET state (N, NS, S)

...ith [[SUIT-002]] provides a common reference for comparison of respiratory control in a large variety of species, tissues and cell types. Both SUIT protocols ...y test]] for inter-individual and inter-laboratory reproducibility quality control.

.../sub> calibration steps]] are done during the experiment. The experimental control for O₂ flux in the absence AmR is carried out with [[SUIT-009 O2 :::* Information is obtained on respiration and ROS production in the S- and NS-pathway.

...b> consumption and the redox state of the Q-pool in S(Rot)-pathway control state in permeabilized cells- '''[[SUIT-006]]''' ...Q ce-pce D074]] provides a common reference for comparison of respiratory control in a large variety of species, tissues and cell types. Both SUIT protocols

...that supports succinate-linked respiration (succinate-induced respiratory state; previously used nomenclature: CII-linked respiration; SRot; see [[Gnaiger The S-pathway control state is usually induced in mt-preparations by addition of succinate&rotenone. In

...ity from mouse to man, and evaluation of altered mitochondrial respiratory control patterns in health and disease. :::::* Lemieux H, Blier PU, Gnaiger E (2017) Remodeling pathway control of mitochondrial respiratory capacity by temperature in mouse heart: electr

...ith [[SUIT-002]] provides a common reference for comparison of respiratory control in a large variety of species, tissues and cell types. Both SUIT protocols ...y test]] for inter-individual and inter-laboratory reproducibility quality control.

...ith [[SUIT-002]] provides a common reference for comparison of respiratory control in a large variety of species, tissues and cell types. Both SUIT protocols ...est]] for inter-individual and inter-laboratory reproducibility as quality control.

|abbr=''ET-pathway state'' ...state]]s. [[Coupling-control state]]s require [[Electron-transfer-pathway state|ET-pathway competent states]], including oxygen supply. [[Categories of SUI

...b>''P''</sub>. SUIT-004 should be chosen for the additive effect in the ET-state. ...herefore, this ''Rox'' measurement is frequently taken as a methodological control rather than as the final basis of ''Rox'' correction of mitochondrial respi

...ity from mouse to man, and evaluation of altered mitochondrial respiratory control patterns in health and disease'' ([[Gnaiger 2009 Int J Biochem Cell Biol|Gn ...dered as keywords which can be attached to various sources of information (publications). With proper labelling, multidimensional maps of information can be constr

[[Image:O2k-Publications.jpg|right|200px|link=O2k-Publications|O2k-Publications: chronological]] [[Image:MiPMap Publication.jpg|right|200px|link=MiPMap|Publications in the MiPMap]]

...xaloacetate on the succinate dehydrogenase. This protocol can be used as a control to investigate the effect of the fluorescence dyes on the respiration. :::* It is a protocol to analyse the S- and NS-pathway linked respiration.

...rates: 1. Electron transfer pathways and respiratory control. 2. Coupling control. ...Strategically designed SUIT protocols reveal a diversity of mt-respiratory control patterns and pathway additivity depending on species, organs, cell types, a

...in the LEAK state. Pyruvate (P) supports [[NADH Electron transfer-pathway state|NADH-pathway (N)]], and usually in the presence of ADP it does not increase :::: 1. the S- and NS-pathway-linked respiration and H₂O₂ flux.

...e addition of defined fuel substrates to establish an ET-pathway competent state. » [[#Why ET capacity, why not State 3u.3F | '''MiPNet article''']]

...ith [[SUIT-002]] provides a common reference for comparison of respiratory control in a large variety of species, tissues and cell types. Both SUIT protocols ...y test]] for inter-individual and inter-laboratory reproducibility quality control.

...lso advisable to either detect H₂O₂ flux at the same state for high (tissue hyperoxia; [O₂]> ~100-110 µM) and low (tissue ...end of the protocol to study the effect of oxygen concentration in the ROX state (in the presence of Ama) both on the O₂ and H₂O<sub>2

...(succinate&rotenone) restricts ET-capacity and artificially enhances flux control upstream of the Q-cycle, providing diagnostic information on specific branc ...e experimental basis for high accuracy of quantitative results and quality control in high-resolution respirometry.

...rformance (2) provide essential reference points for analysis of metabolic control mechanisms and diagnosis of mitochondrial function in health and disease. ...rformance (2) provide essential reference points for analysis of metabolic control mechanisms and diagnosis of mitochondrial function in health and disease.

::: '''[[SUIT protocol pattern]]:''' bidirectional linear [[coupling-control protocol]] 1PM;2D;3Omy;4U;5Ama ...h fluorescent dyes. In this protocol, the [[NADH Electron transfer-pathway state]] can be analyzed in [[Mitochondrial preparations| mitochondrial preparatio

Quality first: a paradigm shift in mt-respiratory control towards global connection. ...f 'papers') indicates that a paradigm shift is in action from conventional publications (all of which should be Open Access) to structured databases (all of which

...everal DLPs are listed to evaluate H₂O₂ flux in the NS-pathway in the LEAK and OXPHOS states. To decrease or increse the oxygen concentrat ...x in isolated mitochondria, tissue homogenate and permeabilized cells as a control to test the effect of the fluorescence dye on the respiration.

...f 16%, 26%, and 35% for the leak state, ADP-simulated state, and uncoupled state, respectively, relative to rates using B1. The common feature distinguishin ::::» [[O2k-brief |List of O2k-Publications presented as O2k-brief]]

...easurement and expression of respiration vary ([[oxygen flux]] in the LEAK state, ''J''_O₂''L'', or [[oxygen flow]], ''I''<sub>O<sub>2< ...ns supported by an ET-pathway competent substrate state, exemplifed as the NS-pathway (CI<small>&</small>II-linked substrate supply) ([[Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPath

...ry control and OXPHOS analysis, reflected in [[O2k-Publications|>1,000 O2k-publications]] using the Oroboros Oxygraph-2k. The [[O2k-Fluorescence LED2-Module]] is a ...tochondria]] was not only a function of respiratory substrate and coupling state, but depended strongly on experimental oxygen levels below and even above a

[[Image:O2k-Publications.jpg|left|80px|link=O2k-Publications: Topics|O2k-Publications in the MiPMap]] :::* Gnaiger E (2020) Mitochondrial pathways and respiratory control. An introduction to OXPHOS analysis. 5th ed. Bioenerg Commun 2020.2. - [[Gn

...e experimental basis for high accuracy of quantitative results and quality control in high-resolution respirometry. ::::» [[O2k-brief |List of O2k-Publications presented as O2k-brief]]

...e in fatty acid oxidation approaching the level of the Inuit, yet coupling control of oxidative phosphorylation was conserved. Our findings reveal that couple |keywords=[[Flux control factor]]

...mitochondrial respiratory control and OXPHOS analysis, reflected in >1,400 publications using the Oroboros Oxygraph-2k. The O2k-Fluorometer is a recent extension o ...yeast cells was not only a function of respiratory substrate and coupling state, but depended strongly on experimental oxygen levels below and even above a

|title=Cytochrome c flux control factor as a quality criterion in respiratory OXPHOS analysis in canine perm ...during isolation [2]. The cytochrome ''c'' effect is expressed as the flux control factor ''FCF_c'', which is the increase of OXPHOS capacity after

...|70px|link=http://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php/O2k-Publications:_Topics |O2k-Publications in the MiPMap]] ...|70px|link=http://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php/O2k-Publications:_Topics |O2k-Publications in the MiPMap]]

...OXPHOS analysis. 3rd ed. Mitochondr Physiol Network 17.18. Oroboros MiPNet Publications, Innsbruck: 64 pp. ...on oxidative phosphorylation in liver, brain, and heart mitochondria using State 3 oxidation rate assays. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 249: 65-75.

...P, P_i, and fuel substrates, or without concern of stable steady-state fluxes; and (6) potential bias when results are reported without details on ...nce body mass determined by your height. The consequences of mitochondrial control on ''V''_{O₂max/''M''} will be discussed in terms of mec

...present results on patients, but is aimed at a characterization of healthy control groups. Exclusion criteria in the pre-analytical phase are related to smoki :::::# Time of sampling, fasting and resting state require standardization. Anticoagulants are used for whole blood sampling (

...ysis. 4^th ed. Mitochondr Physiol Network 19.12. Oroboros MiPNet Publications, Innsbruck:80 pp. — <big>'''''see 5^th edition: [[Gnaiger 2020 ...tates |Respiratory states]], [[MitoPedia: Respiratory control ratios |Flux control ratios]]

...activity of living (non-permeabilized) cells in the physiological coupling state, which is controlled by cellular energy demand, energy turnover and the deg |'''Why use a short-chain coenzyme Q mimetic for measurement of the Q-redox state using the Q-Module? '''<br>

|title=Gnaiger E (2020) Mitochondrial pathways and respiratory control. An introduction to OXPHOS analysis. 5^th ed. Bioenerg Commun 202 ...ance to society. The ‘Blue Book’ on Mitochondrial Pathways and Respiratory Control presents a fundamental introduction to OXPHOS analysis for students and res

...unction in rat heart, liver and skeletal muscle.” [[Cecatto_C#Publicatons|»Publications«]] ...inical routine antidepressant treatment. - [[Karabatsiakis_A#Publications|»Publications«]]

...titration of AmR after a specific respiratory state has been reached in a control experiment. ...towards H₂O₂, which, therefore, serves as a quality control step. The sensitivity depends on the respiration medium and on the componen

...|70px|link=http://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php/O2k-Publications:_Topics |O2k-Publications in the MiPMap]] ...|70px|link=http://wiki.oroboros.at/index.php/O2k-Publications:_Topics |O2k-Publications in the MiPMap]]

...tics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view on mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in ...ET; proton leak, LEAK, residual oxygen consumption, ROX, State 2, State 3, State 4, normalization, flow, flux, O₂

...tics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in ...rol ratio]] • [[Electron transfer pathway]] • [[Flow]] • [[Flux]] • [[Flux control ratio]] • [[IUPAC]] • [[LEAK respiration]] • [[Mitochondrial marker]]