Antimycin A: Difference between revisions
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{{MitoPedia | {{MitoPedia | ||
|abbr=Ama | |abbr=Ama | ||
|description= | |description='''Antimycin A''' is an inhibitor of [[Complex III]] (CIII). It binds to the Qi site of CIII and inhibits the transfer of electrons from heme ''b''<sub>H</sub> to oxidized Q (Qi site inhibitor). High concentrations of antimycin A also inhibit acyl-CoA oxidase and D-amino acid oxidase. | ||
|info=[[MiPNet09.12]] | |||
}} | |||
__TOC__ | |||
== Application in [[HRR]] == | == Application in [[HRR]] == | ||
{{Chemical_description | |||
|abbr=Ama | |||
|trivial name=Antimycin A | |||
|complete name=from ''Streptomyces'' sp. | |||
|chem formula= | |||
|molar mass=540 | |||
|vendor=Sigma-Aldrich | |||
|product number=A8674 | |||
|store at=-20 °C | |||
|sensitivity= | |||
|cas=1397-94-0 | |||
|h statements=H300, H400 | |||
|h info=fatal if swallowed, very toxic to aquatic life}}<!--::: '''Ama: Antimycin A''' (from ''Streptomyces sp.'') Sigma A 8674, 25 mg, store at -20 °C: M = 540 g·mol<sup>-1</sup>--> | |||
:::: Sigma recommends to store desiccated, there is no hint to light sensitivity. | |||
:::: Light sensitivity of Antimycin A is reported by another vendor: [https://www.alfa.com/en/catalog/J63522/ AlfaAesar]. | |||
<!--:::: <span style="color:#8B008B"> '''Caution:''' '''Very toxic.''' Chemicals stored in the fridge or freezer should be allowed to reach room temperature before opening. Ama is hygroscopic.</span>--> | |||
:::: '''Preparation of 5 mM stock solution''' (dissolved in ethanol abs.) for '''2-mL O2k-chamber''': | |||
::::# Weigh 5.4 mg of antimycin A into a small glass vial. | |||
::::# Add 2 mL ethanol. | |||
::::# Divide into 0.2 mL portions in clear glass vials. | |||
::::# Store at -20 °C. | |||
:::» '''O2k manual titrations''' [[MiPNet09.12 O2k-Titrations]] | |||
::::* Titration volume ('''2-mL O2k-chamber'''): 1 µL using a 10 µL Hamilton syringe. | |||
::::* Final concentration: 2.5 µM. | |||
:::: '''Preparation of 1.25 mM stock solution''' (dissolved in ethanol abs.) for '''0.5-mL O2k-chamber''': | |||
::::# Take 100 µL of the 5 mM stock solution. | |||
::::# Add 300 µL ethanol. | |||
:::» '''O2k manual titrations''' [[MiPNet09.12 O2k-Titrations]] | |||
::::* Titration volume ('''0.5-mL O2k-chamber'''): 1 µL using a 10 µL Hamilton syringe. | |||
::::* Final concentration: 2.5 µM. | |||
:::'''Microalgae applications''' | |||
::: For the specific case of microalgal cells it is recommended to prepare higher concentration: | |||
:::: '''Preparation of 10 mM stock solution''' (dissolved in ethanol abs.) | |||
::::# Weigh 10.8 mg of antimycin A and dissolve in 2 mL of ethanol abs.. | |||
::::# Divide into 0.2 mL portions in clear glass vials. | |||
::::# Store at -20 °C. | |||
:::» '''O2k manual titrations''' [[MiPNet09.12 O2k-Titrations]] | |||
::::* Titration volume (2-mL O2k-chamber): 8 µL using a 10 µL syringe. | |||
::::* Final concentration: 40 µM. | |||
== Compare == | |||
* [[Myxothiazol]] - this CIII inhibitor induces less ROS production but is more expensive than Ama. | |||
== Antimycin A and ROS production == | |||
* Is hydrogen peroxide production measured after inhibition of the Electron transfer-pathway by rotenone and antimycin A of diagnostic significance? - Please, share your evidence (Email to erich.gnaiger@oroboros.at). | |||
== Inhibition of acyl-CoA oxidase and D-amino acid oxidase == | |||
::::* Vamecq J, Schepers L, Parmentier G, Mannaerts GP (1987) Inhibition of peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase by antimycin A. Biochem J 248:603-7. - [[Vamecq 1987 Biochem J |»Bioblast link«]] | |||
{{MitoPedia concepts}} | |||
{{MitoPedia methods}} | |||
{{MitoPedia O2k and high-resolution respirometry}} | |||
{{MitoPedia topics | |||
|mitopedia topic=Inhibitor | |||
}} |
Revision as of 12:23, 15 March 2022
Description
Antimycin A is an inhibitor of Complex III (CIII). It binds to the Qi site of CIII and inhibits the transfer of electrons from heme bH to oxidized Q (Qi site inhibitor). High concentrations of antimycin A also inhibit acyl-CoA oxidase and D-amino acid oxidase.
Abbreviation: Ama
Reference: MiPNet09.12
Application in HRR
- Ama: Antimycin A (from Streptomyces sp.; ), Sigma-Aldrich: A8674, store at -20 °C, CAS: 1397-94-0, M = 540 g·mol-1
- Hazard statements: H300, H400; fatal if swallowed, very toxic to aquatic life
- Ama: Antimycin A (from Streptomyces sp.; ), Sigma-Aldrich: A8674, store at -20 °C, CAS: 1397-94-0, M = 540 g·mol-1
- Sigma recommends to store desiccated, there is no hint to light sensitivity.
- Light sensitivity of Antimycin A is reported by another vendor: AlfaAesar.
- Preparation of 5 mM stock solution (dissolved in ethanol abs.) for 2-mL O2k-chamber:
- Weigh 5.4 mg of antimycin A into a small glass vial.
- Add 2 mL ethanol.
- Divide into 0.2 mL portions in clear glass vials.
- Store at -20 °C.
- » O2k manual titrations MiPNet09.12 O2k-Titrations
- Titration volume (2-mL O2k-chamber): 1 µL using a 10 µL Hamilton syringe.
- Final concentration: 2.5 µM.
- Preparation of 1.25 mM stock solution (dissolved in ethanol abs.) for 0.5-mL O2k-chamber:
- Take 100 µL of the 5 mM stock solution.
- Add 300 µL ethanol.
- » O2k manual titrations MiPNet09.12 O2k-Titrations
- Titration volume (0.5-mL O2k-chamber): 1 µL using a 10 µL Hamilton syringe.
- Final concentration: 2.5 µM.
- Microalgae applications
- For the specific case of microalgal cells it is recommended to prepare higher concentration:
- Preparation of 10 mM stock solution (dissolved in ethanol abs.)
- Weigh 10.8 mg of antimycin A and dissolve in 2 mL of ethanol abs..
- Divide into 0.2 mL portions in clear glass vials.
- Store at -20 °C.
- » O2k manual titrations MiPNet09.12 O2k-Titrations
- Titration volume (2-mL O2k-chamber): 8 µL using a 10 µL syringe.
- Final concentration: 40 µM.
Compare
- Myxothiazol - this CIII inhibitor induces less ROS production but is more expensive than Ama.
Antimycin A and ROS production
- Is hydrogen peroxide production measured after inhibition of the Electron transfer-pathway by rotenone and antimycin A of diagnostic significance? - Please, share your evidence (Email to erich.gnaiger@oroboros.at).
Inhibition of acyl-CoA oxidase and D-amino acid oxidase
- Vamecq J, Schepers L, Parmentier G, Mannaerts GP (1987) Inhibition of peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase by antimycin A. Biochem J 248:603-7. - »Bioblast link«
MitoPedia topics:
Inhibitor