Pyruvate: Difference between revisions
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|description=[[File:Pyruvic_acid.jpg|left|80px|Pyruvic acid]] | |description=[[File:Pyruvic_acid.jpg|left|80px|Pyruvic acid]] | ||
'''Pyruvic acid''', C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, is an alpha-keto monocarboxylic acid which occurs under physiological conditions mainly as the anion '''pyruvate<sup>-</sup>, P''', with ''p''K<sub>a</sub> = 2.5. Pyruvate is formed in glycolysis from phosphoenolpyruvate. In the cytosol, pyruvate is a substrate of [[lactate dehydrogenase]]. Pyruvate enters the mitochondrial matrix via a specific low ''K''<sub>m</sub>' H<sup>+</sup>/monocarboxylate cotransporter known as the [[pyruvate carrier]]. Similarly, the plasma membrane of many cell types has H<sup>+</sup>/monocarboxylate cotransporter activity and pyruvate can thus be added as a substrate to intact cells. In the mt-matrix the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate is catalyzed by [[pyruvate dehydrogenase]] and yields [[acetyl-CoA]]. Pyruvate competitively reverses the inhibition of [[Complex IV | cytochrome ''c'' oxidase]] by [[cyanide]]. Pyruvate is an antioxidant reacting with [[hydrogen peroxide]]. | '''Pyruvic acid''', C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, is an alpha-keto monocarboxylic acid which occurs under physiological conditions mainly as the anion '''pyruvate<sup>-</sup>, P''', with ''p''K<sub>a</sub> = 2.5. Pyruvate is formed in glycolysis from phosphoenolpyruvate. In the cytosol, pyruvate is a substrate of [[lactate dehydrogenase]]. Pyruvate enters the mitochondrial matrix via a specific low ''K''<sub>m</sub>' H<sup>+</sup>/monocarboxylate cotransporter known as the [[pyruvate carrier]]. Similarly, the plasma membrane of many cell types has H<sup>+</sup>/monocarboxylate cotransporter activity and pyruvate can thus be added as a substrate to intact cells. In the mt-matrix the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate is catalyzed by [[pyruvate dehydrogenase]] and yields [[acetyl-CoA]]. Pyruvate competitively reverses the inhibition of [[Complex IV | cytochrome ''c'' oxidase]] by [[cyanide]]. Pyruvate is an antioxidant reacting with [[hydrogen peroxide]]. | ||
|info=[[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]], [[MiPNet09.12]] | |info=[[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]], [[MiPNet09.12 O2k-Titrations]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{MitoPedia topics | {{MitoPedia topics | ||
|mitopedia topic=Substrate and metabolite | |mitopedia topic=Substrate and metabolite | ||
}} | }} | ||
== Application in [[HRR]] == | == Application in [[HRR]] == | ||
'''P: Pyruvate''' (pyruvic acid, sodium salt, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>3</sub>O<sub>3</sub>Na); Sigma P 2256, 25 g, store at 4 ยฐC; FW = 110.0 | ::: '''P: Pyruvate''' (pyruvic acid, sodium salt, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>3</sub>O<sub>3</sub>Na); Sigma P 2256, 25 g, store at 4 ยฐC; FW = 110.0 | ||
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'''Preparation of 2 M stock solution''' (dissolved in H<sub>2</sub>O) | ::: '''Preparation of 2 M stock solution''' (dissolved in H<sub>2</sub>O) | ||
: Prepare fresh everyday. | :::: Prepare fresh everyday. | ||
:: | ::::# Weigh 44 mg of pyruvic acid directyl into a 1 ml Eppendorf tube. | ||
:: | ::::# Add 0.2 ml H<sub>2</sub>O. | ||
:: | ::::# Adjust pH to 7.0. | ||
'''Oxygraph-2k manual titrations'''ย [[MiPNet09.12 O2k-Titrations]] | ::: '''Oxygraph-2k manual titrations'''ย [[MiPNet09.12 O2k-Titrations]] | ||
::* Titration volume: 5 ยตl using a 25 ยตl syringe (2 ml O2k-chamber). | ::::* Titration volume: 5 ยตl using a 25 ยตl syringe (2 ml O2k-chamber). | ||
::* Final concentration: 5 mM. | ::::* Final concentration: 5 mM. |
Revision as of 12:51, 27 March 2016
Description
Pyruvic acid, C3H4O3, is an alpha-keto monocarboxylic acid which occurs under physiological conditions mainly as the anion pyruvate-, P, with pKa = 2.5. Pyruvate is formed in glycolysis from phosphoenolpyruvate. In the cytosol, pyruvate is a substrate of lactate dehydrogenase. Pyruvate enters the mitochondrial matrix via a specific low Km' H+/monocarboxylate cotransporter known as the pyruvate carrier. Similarly, the plasma membrane of many cell types has H+/monocarboxylate cotransporter activity and pyruvate can thus be added as a substrate to intact cells. In the mt-matrix the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate is catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase and yields acetyl-CoA. Pyruvate competitively reverses the inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase by cyanide. Pyruvate is an antioxidant reacting with hydrogen peroxide.
Abbreviation: P
Reference: Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways, MiPNet09.12 O2k-Titrations
MitoPedia topics:
Substrate and metabolite
Application in HRR
- P: Pyruvate (pyruvic acid, sodium salt, C3H3O3Na); Sigma P 2256, 25 g, store at 4 ยฐC; FW = 110.0
- Preparation of 2 M stock solution (dissolved in H2O)
- Prepare fresh everyday.
- Preparation of 2 M stock solution (dissolved in H2O)
- Weigh 44 mg of pyruvic acid directyl into a 1 ml Eppendorf tube.
- Add 0.2 ml H2O.
- Adjust pH to 7.0.
- Oxygraph-2k manual titrations MiPNet09.12 O2k-Titrations
- Titration volume: 5 ยตl using a 25 ยตl syringe (2 ml O2k-chamber).
- Final concentration: 5 mM.