Template:SUIT-006 AmR mt D048

Steps and respiratory states

Step	State	Pathway	Q-junction	Comment - Events (E) and Marks (M)
0DTPA				DTPA is an iron chelator, which decreases the chemical fluorescence background created by the Amplex UltraRed assay. Administration of DTPA into the O2k-chamber is recommended before all other chemicals because the iron chelation capacity of the compound is time-dependent (approx. 10-15 min). However, the experiments can be carried out in the absence of DTPA.
0SOD				SOD or superoxide dismutase converts the anion superoxide released by the mitochondria into H2O2, making it accessible to the Amplex UltraRed assay.
0HRP				HRP or horseradish peroxidase catalyses the conversion of Amplex UltraRed and H2O2 towards the fluorescent resorufin.
0AmR				AmR or Amplex UltraRed forms resorufin with H2O2 catalysed by horseradish peroxidase HRP.

Step	State	Pathway	Q-junction	Comment - Events (E) and Marks (M)
1PM	PML(n)			1PM NADH-linked substrates (type N-pathway to Q).
2D	PMP			1PM;2D OXPHOS capacity P (with saturating [ADP]), active OXPHOS state.
3Omy	PML(Omy)			1PM;2D;3Omy Non-phosphorylating resting state (LEAK state); LEAK-respiration, L(Omy), after blocking the ATP synthase with oligomycin. The addition of oligomycin is optional depending on the experimental question to resolve. If it is known that Ln has the same values for LOmy for a kind of sample and substrates, this step may be skipped. If the carrier of oligomycin (EtOH) is used instead, it is possible to evaluate whether it affects OXPHOS. In these cases, LEAK state is not reached again.
4U	PME			1PM;2D;3Omy;4U Uncoupler titration (avoiding inhibition by high uncoupler concentrations) to obtain electron transfer (ET) capacity E (noncoupled ET-state). Test for limitation of OXPHOS capacity P by the phosphorylation system (ANT, ATP synthase, phosphate transporter) relative to ET capacity E in mt-preparations: E-P control efficiency and E-L coupling efficiency. In living cells: E-R control efficiency and E-L coupling efficiency.
5Ama	ROX			1PM;2D;3Omy;4U;5Ama Rox is the residual oxygen consumption in the ROX state, due to oxidative side reactions, estimated after addition of antimycin A (inhibitor of CIII). Rox is subtracted from oxygen flux as a baseline for all respiratory states, to obtain mitochondrial respiration (mt).

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Coupling control

» Coupling control state

» ET capacity

» OXPHOS capacity

» LEAK respiration

Pathway control

» Electron transfer pathway

» Fatty acid oxidation pathway control state, F

» NADH electron transfer-pathway state, N

» Succinate pathway control state, S

» NS-pathway control state, NS

» Glycerophosphate pathway control state, Gp

» Complex IV single step, CIV

» Anaplerotic pathway control state

Main fuel substrates

» Glutamate, G

» Glycerophosphate, Gp

» Malate, M

» Octanoylcarnitine, Oct

» Pyruvate, P

» Succinate, S

Glossary

» List of SUIT states

» SUIT concept