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| The succinate-linked respiration or S-pathway (succinate-induced respiratory state; previously used nomenclature: CII-linked respiration; SRot; see [[Gnaiger 2009 Int J Biochem Cell Biol]]) is achieved with [[succinate]] (S) as the single substrate, at ET-pathway-level 3. S supports electron flux through complex II (CII; see [[succinate dehydrogenase]], SDH) to CII-bound flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH<sub>2</sub>) to the [[Q-junction]]. Inhibition of [[complex I]] (CI) by [[rotenone]] (Rot; or amytal, piericidine) prevents accumulation of [[oxaloacetate]] which is a potent inhibitor of SDH. After inhibition of CI by Rot, the NADH-linked dehydrogenases become inhibited by the redox shift from NAD<sup>+</sup> to NADH. SDH is activated by S and ATP, which explains in part the time-dependent increase of respiration in isolated mitochondria after addition of Rot (first), S and ADP.
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| The S-pathway is induced in mt-preparations by addition of succinate&rotenone. In this case, only [[complex III]] and [[complex IV]] are involved in pumping protons from the matrix (positive phase) to the negative phase with a P» ratio of 1.75 (P»/O<sub>2</sub> = 3.5).
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