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Difference between revisions of "Salin 2016 Physiol Rep"

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|abstract=The use of tissue homogenate has greatly aided the study of the functioning of mitochondria. However, the amount of ATP produced per oxygen molecule consumed, that is, the effective ''P''/''O'' ratio, has never been measured directly in tissue homogenate. Here we combine and refine existing methods previously used in permeabilized cells and isolated mitochondria to simultaneously measure mitochondrial ATP production (''J''ATP) and oxygen consumption (''J''O<sub>2</sub>) in tissue homogenate. A major improvement over existing methods is in the control of ATPases that otherwise interfere with the ATP assay: our modified technique facilitates simultaneous measurement of the rates of “uncorrected” ATP synthesis and of ATP hydrolysis, thus minimizing the amount of tissue and time needed. Finally, we develop a novel method of calculating effective ''P''/''O'' ratios which corrects measurements of ''J''ATP and ''J''O<sub>2</sub> for rates of nonmitochondrial ATP hydrolysis and respiration, respectively. Measurements of ''J''ATP and ''J''O<sub>2</sub> in liver homogenates from brown trout (''Salmo trutta'') were highly reproducible, although activity declined once homogenates were 2 h old. We compared mitochondrial properties from fed and food-deprived animals to demonstrate that the method can detect mitochondrial flexibility in ''P''/''O'' ratios in response to nutritional state. This method simplifies studies examining the mitochondrial bioenergetics of tissue homogenates, obviating the need for differential centrifugation or chemical permeabilization and avoiding the use of nonmitochondrial ATPase inhibitors. We conclude that our approach for characterizing effective ''P''/''O'' ratio opens up new possibilities in the study of mitochondrial function in very small samples, where the use of other methods is limited.
|abstract=The use of tissue homogenate has greatly aided the study of the functioning of mitochondria. However, the amount of ATP produced per oxygen molecule consumed, that is, the effective ''P''/''O'' ratio, has never been measured directly in tissue homogenate. Here we combine and refine existing methods previously used in permeabilized cells and isolated mitochondria to simultaneously measure mitochondrial ATP production (''J''ATP) and oxygen consumption (''J''O<sub>2</sub>) in tissue homogenate. A major improvement over existing methods is in the control of ATPases that otherwise interfere with the ATP assay: our modified technique facilitates simultaneous measurement of the rates of “uncorrected” ATP synthesis and of ATP hydrolysis, thus minimizing the amount of tissue and time needed. Finally, we develop a novel method of calculating effective ''P''/''O'' ratios which corrects measurements of ''J''ATP and ''J''O<sub>2</sub> for rates of nonmitochondrial ATP hydrolysis and respiration, respectively. Measurements of ''J''ATP and ''J''O<sub>2</sub> in liver homogenates from brown trout (''Salmo trutta'') were highly reproducible, although activity declined once homogenates were 2 h old. We compared mitochondrial properties from fed and food-deprived animals to demonstrate that the method can detect mitochondrial flexibility in ''P''/''O'' ratios in response to nutritional state. This method simplifies studies examining the mitochondrial bioenergetics of tissue homogenates, obviating the need for differential centrifugation or chemical permeabilization and avoiding the use of nonmitochondrial ATPase inhibitors. We conclude that our approach for characterizing effective ''P''/''O'' ratio opens up new possibilities in the study of mitochondrial function in very small samples, where the use of other methods is limited.
|keywords=ATPase, Fluorescence, Magnesium green, Oxidative phosphorylation, Oxygraph
|keywords=ATPase, Fluorescence, Magnesium green, Oxidative phosphorylation, Oxygraph
|mipnetlab=UK Glasgow Metcalfe NB, UK Aberdeen Selman C, FR Plouzane Salin K
|mipnetlab=UK Glasgow Metcalfe NB, UK Aberdeen Selman C, FR Plouzane Salin K, HU Budapest Chinopoulos C
}}
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Revision as of 12:46, 27 March 2018

Publications in the MiPMap
Salin K, Villasevil EM, Auer SK, Anderson GJ, Selman C, Metcalfe NB, Chinopoulos C (2016) Simultaneous measurement of mitochondrial respiration and ATP production in tissue homogenates and calculation of effective P/O ratios. Physiol Rep 10.14814/phy2.13007.

» PMID: 27798358 Open access

Salin K, Villasevil EM, Auer SK, Anderson GJ, Selman C, Metcalfe NB, Chinopoulos C (2016) Physiol Rep

Abstract: The use of tissue homogenate has greatly aided the study of the functioning of mitochondria. However, the amount of ATP produced per oxygen molecule consumed, that is, the effective P/O ratio, has never been measured directly in tissue homogenate. Here we combine and refine existing methods previously used in permeabilized cells and isolated mitochondria to simultaneously measure mitochondrial ATP production (JATP) and oxygen consumption (JO2) in tissue homogenate. A major improvement over existing methods is in the control of ATPases that otherwise interfere with the ATP assay: our modified technique facilitates simultaneous measurement of the rates of “uncorrected” ATP synthesis and of ATP hydrolysis, thus minimizing the amount of tissue and time needed. Finally, we develop a novel method of calculating effective P/O ratios which corrects measurements of JATP and JO2 for rates of nonmitochondrial ATP hydrolysis and respiration, respectively. Measurements of JATP and JO2 in liver homogenates from brown trout (Salmo trutta) were highly reproducible, although activity declined once homogenates were 2 h old. We compared mitochondrial properties from fed and food-deprived animals to demonstrate that the method can detect mitochondrial flexibility in P/O ratios in response to nutritional state. This method simplifies studies examining the mitochondrial bioenergetics of tissue homogenates, obviating the need for differential centrifugation or chemical permeabilization and avoiding the use of nonmitochondrial ATPase inhibitors. We conclude that our approach for characterizing effective P/O ratio opens up new possibilities in the study of mitochondrial function in very small samples, where the use of other methods is limited. Keywords: ATPase, Fluorescence, Magnesium green, Oxidative phosphorylation, Oxygraph

O2k-Network Lab: UK Glasgow Metcalfe NB, UK Aberdeen Selman C, FR Plouzane Salin K, HU Budapest Chinopoulos C


Labels: MiParea: Respiration, Instruments;methods 


Organism: Fishes  Tissue;cell: Liver  Preparation: Homogenate 

Regulation: ADP, ATP, ATP production  Coupling state: LEAK, OXPHOS  Pathway: N, NS, ROX  HRR: Oxygraph-2k, O2k-Fluorometer 

2016-10, Magnesium green fluorescence, Magnesium green