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[[File:O2k-Core to FluoRespirometer.jpg|right|400px |O2k-Core to FluoRespirometer]] == O2k-Modules == '''O2k-Modules''' are add-on modules supported by the O2k. When one (or more) analytical parameters are monitored simultaneously with oxygen concentration and oxygen flux in the O2k, this is an '''O2k-MultiSensor''' application. The O2k fully supports the O2k-Modules. * [[MiPNet17.05 O2k-Fluo LED2-Module]] * [[O2k-TPP%2B_ISE-Module]] * [[O2k-pH ISE-Module]] * [[O2k-NO Amp-Module]] * [[Hydrogen peroxide]] * [[Cytochrome Spectra and Oxygen]] [[High-resolution respirometry]] is extended by O2k-MultiSensor modules allowing the simultaneous measurement of oxygen consumption and one additional parameter. Fluorometric methods are available for a wide range of analytical parameters of major interest in mitochochondrial physiology: [[O2k-Publications:_O2k-Fluorometry_-_Fluorophores|H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production, mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular pH, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, and NADH levels]]. Advantages of the simultaneous measurement of additional parameters in a single respirometric chamber: # Quality control of preparations by respirometric performance. # Objective exclusion criteria for protocol related problems, e.g. overtitration of uncouplers, side effects of TPP<sup>+</sup> or fluorophores. # Elimination of artifacts of normalization for a mitochondrial marker when combining two methods in a single chamber. # Additional information is acquired for a limited amount of sample. # Oxygen dependence of parameters can be studied. == '''O2k-Catalogue: O2k-Modules''' == {{#ask:[[Category:Products]][[Product type::O2k-Module]] | ?description | ?product id | ?product image |sort=product id |order=ascending }} == O2k-MultiSensor Manual == {{#ask:[[Category:Publications]] [[Instrument and method::O2k-Manual]] [[Additional label::O2k-MultiSensor]] | mainlabel=Chapter |?Has title=Section |?Was published in year=Last update |format=broadtable |limit=500 |sort= |order=ascending |offset=0 }} : ยป[[O2k-Publications: O2k-Fluorometry]] == References == :::* Makrecka-Kuka M, Krumschnabel G, Gnaiger E (2015) High-resolution respirometry for simultaneous measurement of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide fluxes in permeabilized cells, tissue homogenate and isolated mitochondria. Biomolecules 5:1319-38. - [[Makrecka-Kuka 2015 Biomolecules |ยปBioblast linkยซ]] :::* Krumschnabel G, Fontana-Ayoub M, Sumbalova Z, Heidler J, Gauper K, Fasching M, Gnaiger E (2015) Simultaneous high-resolution measurement of mitochondrial respiration and hydrogen peroxide production. Methods Mol Biol 1264:245-61. - [[Krumschnabel 2015 Methods Mol Biol |ยปBioblast linkยซ]]
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