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Difference between revisions of "Cytochrome c"

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{{MitoPedia
{{MitoPedia
|abbr=c
|abbr=c
|description='''Cytochrome ''c''''' is a component of the Electron transfer-pathway ([[Electron transfer pathway]]) in mitochondria. It is a small heme protein loosely associated with the outer side of the inner mitochondrial membrane. The heme group of cytochrome ''c'' transfers electrons from [[Complex III]] to [[Complex IV]]. The release of '''cytochrome ''c''''' into the cytoplasm is associated with apoptosis.
|description='''Cytochrome ''c''''' is a component of the Electron transfer-pathway ([[Electron transfer pathway]]) in mitochondria. It is a small heme protein loosely associated with the outer side of the inner mitochondrial membrane. The heme group of cytochrome ''c'' transfers electrons from [[Complex III]] to [[Complex IV]]. The release of cytochrome ''c'' into the cytoplasm is associated with apoptosis. Cytochrome ''c'' is applied in [[HRR]] to test the integrity of the [[mitochondrial outer membrane]] ([[cytochrome c control factor]]).
|info=[[MiPNet09.12]]; [[Gnaiger 2002 Biochem Soc Trans]]
|info=[[MiPNet09.12]]; [[Gnaiger 2002 Biochem Soc Trans]]
}}
}}
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:::: Quality of the results are strongly affected by the performance and data analysis. By adding cytochrome ''c'' in respirometric experiments the outer mitochondrial membrane integrity can be evaluated ([[Cytochrome c control factor|cytochrome ''c'' control factor]]). The following DatLab traces illustrate examples of cytochrome ''c'' addition:
:::: Quality of the results are strongly affected by the performance and data analysis. By adding cytochrome ''c'' in respirometric experiments the outer mitochondrial membrane integrity can be evaluated ([[Cytochrome c control factor|cytochrome ''c'' control factor]]). The following DatLab traces illustrate examples of cytochrome ''c'' addition:


<gallery mode=default perrow=2 widths="800px" heights="400px">
<gallery mode=default perrow=2 widths="600px" heights="400px">
File:cyt_c_traces_O2_flux_01.png | '''Figure 1'''. Cytochrome ''c'' addition (2c) in OXPHOS state, using pyruvate and malate as NADH-linked substrates. An increase in oxygen flux per volume (red trace, right axis) can be seen upon cytochrome ''c'' addition ([[Cytochrome c control factor|cytochrome ''c'' control factor]]=0.09). Cardiac isolated mitochondria from mouse. Experiment 2019-02-19 P1-02 ([[SUIT-008_O2_mt_D026|SUIT-008 O2 mt D026]], DatLab 7.4).
File:cyt_c_traces_O2_flux_01.png | '''Figure 1'''. Cytochrome ''c'' addition (2c) in OXPHOS state, using pyruvate and malate as NADH-linked substrates. An increase in oxygen flux per volume (red trace, right axis) can be seen upon cytochrome ''c'' addition ([[Cytochrome c control factor|cytochrome ''c'' control factor]]=0.09). Cardiac isolated mitochondria from mouse. Experiment 2019-02-19 P1-02 ([[SUIT-008_O2_mt_D026|SUIT-008 O2 mt D026]], DatLab 7.4).



Revision as of 09:25, 8 July 2020


high-resolution terminology - matching measurements at high-resolution


Cytochrome c

Description

Cytochrome c is a component of the Electron transfer-pathway (Electron transfer pathway) in mitochondria. It is a small heme protein loosely associated with the outer side of the inner mitochondrial membrane. The heme group of cytochrome c transfers electrons from Complex III to Complex IV. The release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm is associated with apoptosis. Cytochrome c is applied in HRR to test the integrity of the mitochondrial outer membrane (cytochrome c control factor).

Abbreviation: c

Reference: MiPNet09.12; Gnaiger 2002 Biochem Soc Trans

Application in HRR: storage and stock solution of c

c: Cytochrome c (from equine heart), Sigma C 7752, 50 mg, store at -20 °C; FW = 12384 Da.


Preparation of 4 mM cytochrome c solution (dissolved in H2O):
  1. Weigh 50 mg cytochrome c into a small glass beaker. Difficult to weigh, since the powder is electromagnetic.
  2. Add 1 mL H2O; c dissolves easily.
  3. Divide into 0.2 mL portions.
  4. Store at -20 °C.
Caution: Chemicals stored in the fridge or freezer should be allowed to reach room temperature before opening.
O2k manual titrations: MiPNet09.12 O2k-Titrations
  • Titration volume: 5 µL using a 25 µL syringe (2 mL O2k-Chamber).
  • Final concentration: 10 µM.

DatLab oxygen flux: performance and data analysis

Quality of the results are strongly affected by the performance and data analysis. By adding cytochrome c in respirometric experiments the outer mitochondrial membrane integrity can be evaluated (cytochrome c control factor). The following DatLab traces illustrate examples of cytochrome c addition:
See also: Steady state, Figures 1-3.



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SUITbrowser question: mt outer membrane integrity

The cytochrome c test is available at several SUIT protocols. The SUITbrowser shows which protocols contain this test, alongside answer other research questions.




MitoPedia topics: Substrate and metabolite