Boushel 2014 Acta Physiol (Oxf)
| Boushel RC, Ara I, Gnaiger E, Helge JW, Gonzalez-Alonzo J, Munck-Andersen T, Sondergaard H, Damsgaard R, van Hall G, Saltin B, Calbet JA (2014) Low intensity training increases peak arm VO2 by enhancing both convective and diffusive O2 delivery. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 211:122-34. |
Boushel RC, Ara I, Gnaiger Erich, Helge JW, Gonzalez-Alonzo J, Munck-Andersen T, Sondergaard H, Damsgaard R, van Hall G, Saltin Bengt, Calbet Jose AL (2014) Acta Physiol (Oxf)
Abstract: It is an ongoing discussion the extent to which oxygen delivery and oxygen extraction contribute to an elevated muscle oxygen uptake during dynamic exercise. It has been proposed that local muscle factors including the capillary bed and mitochondrial oxidative capacity play a large role in prolonged low intensity training of a small muscle group when the cardiac output capacity is not directly limiting. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative roles of circulatory and muscle metabolic mechanisms by which prolonged low-intensity exercise training alters regional muscle VO2.
In 9 healthy volunteers (7 male, 2 female), hemodynamic and metabolic responses to incremental arm cycling were measured by the Fick method and biopsy of the deltoid and triceps muscles before and after 42 days of skiing for 6 h.day-1 at 60 % max heart rate.
Peak pulmonary VO2 during arm crank was unchanged after training (2.38±0.19 vs. 2.18±0.2 L.min-1 pre-training) yet arm VO2 (1.04±0.08 vs. 0.83±0.1 L.min-1, P<0.05) and power output (137±9 vs. 114±10 W) were increased along with a higher arm blood flow (7.9±0.5 vs. 6.8±0.6 L.min-1, P<0.05) and expanded muscle capillary volume (76±7 vs. 62±4 mL, P<0.05). Muscle O2 diffusion capacity (16.2±1 vs. 12.5 ±0.9 mL.min-1.mmHg-1, P<0.05) and O2 extraction (68±1 vs. 62±1 %, P<0.05) were enhanced at a similar mean capillary transit time (569±43 vs. 564±31 ms) and p50 (35.8±0.7 vs. 35±0.8), whereas mitochondrial O2 flux capacity was unchanged (147±6 mL.min-1.kg-1 vs. 146±8 mL.min-1.kg-1).
The mechanisms underlying the increase in peak arm VO2 with prolonged low intensity training in previously untrained subjects are an elevated convective O2 delivery specifically to the muscles of the arm combined with a larger capillary-muscle surface area that enhance diffusional O2 conductance, with no apparent role of mitochondrial respiratory capacity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
• Keywords: VO2, Blood flow, Capillaries, Diffusion, Exercise, Training
• O2k-Network Lab: CA Vancouver Boushel RC, AT Innsbruck Gnaiger E, AT Innsbruck Oroboros, ES CN Las Palmas Calbet JAL
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Labels: MiParea: Respiration, Exercise physiology;nutrition;life style
Organism: Human
Tissue;cell: Skeletal muscle
Preparation: Permeabilized tissue
Coupling state: LEAK, OXPHOS
Pathway: F, N, NS
HRR: Oxygraph-2k
