De Stefani 2016 Annu Rev Biochem
| De Stefani D, Rizzuto R, Pozzan T (2016) Enjoy the Trip: Calcium in Mitochondria Back and Forth. Annu Rev Biochem 85:161-92. |
De Stefani Diego, Rizzuto Rosario, Pozzan Tullio (2016) Annu Rev Biochem
Abstract: In the last 5 years, most of the molecules that control mitochondrial Ca(2+) homeostasis have been finally identified. Mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake is mediated by the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter (MCU) complex, a macromolecular structure that guarantees Ca(2+) accumulation inside mitochondrial matrix upon increases in cytosolic Ca(2+). Conversely, Ca(2+) release is under the control of the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger, encoded by the NCLX gene, and of a H(+)/Ca(2+) antiporter, whose identity is still debated. The low affinity of the MCU complex, coupled to the activity of the efflux systems, protects cells from continuous futile cycles of Ca(2+) across the inner mitochondrial membrane and consequent massive energy dissipation. In this review, we discuss the basic principles that govern mitochondrial Ca(2+) homeostasis and the methods used to investigate the dynamics of Ca(2+) concentration within the organelles. We discuss the functional and structural role of the different molecules involved in mitochondrial Ca(2+) handling and their pathophysiological role. • Keywords: Ca2+ signaling; MCU complex; NCLX. • Bioblast editor: Cecatto C
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Regulation: Calcium
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